29 December 2020 Angina pectoris is the term used to describe the pain or discomfort caused by coronary heart disease (arteries that supply the heart). More often, the pain is in chest, radiating to the upper limbs and / or the mandible (lower jaw). It can also manifest as nonspecific malaise, nausea, or pain in another location. The relationship with a triggering factor and the relief when the triggering factor is interrupted are important when there is a suspicion. What is the cause of angina pectoris? The pain or discomfort of angina pectoris reflects the inability of the heart muscle to receive the blood and oxygen it needs in each situation. The most common cause in coronary heart disease is the presence of atherosclerotic plaques in the arteries of the heart . Its formation is associated with the existence of cardiovascular risk factors such as: Hypertension; Diabetes; Dyslipidemia; Smoking; Obesity; Family history of stroke or stroke (stroke) in young people. The most important risks associated with angina pectoris are acute myocardial infarction and sudden death. Symptoms and diagnosis The pain or discomfort of angina pectoris has specific characteristics : It is usually associated with a triggering factor, for example an effort, stress, heavy meals; It tends to follow a pattern that is repeated; It usually lasts less than 5 minutes; Relieves with rest or vasodilator medication. When angina is suspected, diagnostic tests are usually performed, which may include: Electrocardiogram; Echocardiogram; Computed tomography (CT scan) of the coronary arteries; Functional tests to assess the severity of the obstruction, such as pharmacological overload echocardiography, stress echocardiogram, stress magnetic resonance, myocardial perfusion scintigraphy or coronary artery catheterization. Treatment of angina pectoris Treatment begins with lifestyle changes and control of cardiovascular risk factors . It may also include medication that improves blood supply to the heart muscle, for example with beta-blockers, calcium channel antagonists, long- or short-acting nitrate. There may be an indication for intervention therapy , with coronary angiography and stent placement or coronary artery bypass surgery. Meet the cardiology team from Hospital da Luz network and book your consultation or exam . The content published in the Health Guide is intended for the general public and is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It does not replace individual medical assessment, diagnosis, or personalized clinical advice from a qualified healthcare professional. The content is produced or reviewed by physicians and other healthcare professionals at Hospital da Luz and is based on the knowledge available at the time of publication or the most recent update, as indicated at the beginning of each item.
