December 28, 2023 Author: Jaime Vilaça The rectus abdominis muscle is formed by two muscles that are located longitudinally along the abdomen , one on each side of the linea alba (abdomen). They have a band shape and extend from the pubis to the lower end of the sternum and form part of the abdominal muscular wall. These muscles have various actions, for example acting as flexor of the trunk and participates in forced expiration. What is diastasis recti? Diastasis recti is a separation of rectus abdominis muscle: Resulting from weakening of the abdominal muscular wall; An increase in abdominal volume is the most common cause of that weakening. Diastasis can be total (along the entire length of the muscles) or partial , and result in the formation of a visible protrusion (or elevation) in the abdominal midline, most frequently in the stomach area. However, that protrusion is not always present. It may also have a variable volume, becoming larger/more visible when strength (contraction) of the rectus abdominis muscles is required, for example when going from lying down to sitting, in which the trunk is flexed. Who is affected Rectus abdominis diastasis is most common: In women, during and after pregnancy , due to the growth of the uterus, which increases abdominal volume; In middle-aged men , who frequently have abdominal fat accumulation. The following are risk factors for diastasis recti: Pregnancies with short time intervals between them; Multiple pregnancies; Very heavy babies; Overweight and obesity, particularly with accumulation of abdominal fat. A different form of diastasis can occur in premature newborns related to the development of abdominal muscles. What are the inconveniences and consequences? Diastasis recti is an important cause of:Abdominal flaccidity; Back pain; It can also be unpleasant and increase/aggravate over time. Therefore, it is often associated with an umbilical or white line hernia above the navel. Treatment of diastasis recti Diastasis recti has treatment , which must be carried out according to medical advice, as the necessary interventions differ depending on the severity of the problem. The treatment is simpler and has a higher success rate in partial diastasis and when carried out early , where muscle strengthening exercises, for example physiotherapy, may be sufficient. In many women, about 2 months after giving birth, depending on medical evaluation, abdominal wall strengthening exercises can be very useful. At a more advanced stage, when non-invasive interventions have not been successful, or when the diastasis has associated hernias, it can be treated by surgery . Currently, they are minimally invasive procedures to do it , with numerous known advantages, which, however, are still complex. In cases without an associated hernia, surgery involves the subcutaneous tissues. In cases with umbilical hernia, reconstruction of the abdominal wall is performed. In the postoperative period: It is necessary to use an appropriate abdominal band; Usually there is a mild and well tolerated pain; It is important to maintain correct posture, try to maintain abdominal contraction and follow all medical instructions regarding what can and cannot be done. In most cases, the final aesthetic result is associated with a high level of satisfaction. The content published in the Health Guide is intended for the general public and is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It does not replace individual medical assessment, diagnosis, or personalized clinical advice from a qualified healthcare professional. The content is produced or reviewed by physicians and other healthcare professionals at Hospital da Luz and is based on the knowledge available at the time of publication or the most recent update, as indicated at the beginning of each item.
