11 March 2019 The feet are highly complex. They contain around 25% of all the bones in the body . They also have a complex network of muscles, ligaments and joints. They are also vulnerable to injury and diseases . More than 300 pathological alterations in the feet have been described. What are the most common alterations in foot disorders? The most significant structural changes in the feet or conditions that can arise from these changes are: Toe disorders: hammer toe, changes in toe position and bunions; Sole disorders: high arches, flat feet, pigeon toe and heel eversion; Changes resulting from uneven limb length; Heel spurs; Plantar fasciitis; Alterations in gait; General foot pain. Main foot skin conditions Corns and calluses; Dry, flaky or cracked or split skin; Fungal infections; Verrucas; Excessive sweating; Wounds and ulcers. Main toenail conditions Fungal infections; Ingrowing toenails; Thickening and irregularities; Trauma-related breaks. Certain foot disorders are also associated with different age groups (e.g. children or adults), diseases (e.g. diabetes), occupations or sports. Some feet therefore have special needs. How can foot disorders be prevented? Foot care, regular self-examination and some simple measures are essential in maintaining foot health and detecting disorders early. This article was written with the support of physicians and other clinical professionals from the Hospital da Luz network. The content published in the Health Guide is intended for the general public and is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It does not replace individual medical assessment, diagnosis, or personalized clinical advice from a qualified healthcare professional. The content is produced or reviewed by physicians and other healthcare professionals at Hospital da Luz and is based on the knowledge available at the time of publication or the most recent update, as indicated at the beginning of each item.
