August 5, 2022 Nasal polyps are benign, drop- or grape-shaped swellings that grow and fill the nasal passages and sinuses. Nasal polyposis is a form of chronic sinusitis, called chronic rhinosinusitis, with nasal polyps . As its name suggests, the nasal passages and sinuses are continually inflamed and produce nasal polyps. It is estimated that about 4% of the Portuguese population has nasal polyps. Nasal polyposis is more common in people with asthma and often appears after 40 years of age. Patients with nasal polyps have the following symptoms : Blocked nose (usually on both sides); Decreased or absent sense of smell; Nasal discharge; Less often, pain in the face. Nasal polyposis treatment Nasal polyposis is primarily treated with medication . However, this medication may not be enough to control symptoms. When a patient has taken the maximum amount of medication, but the symptoms still affect their quality of life, surgery may be indicated. Surgery to remove nasal polyps and improve ventilation of the sinuses is an endoscopic surgery. While surgery can significantly improve symptoms, it may not cure the underlying problem (inflammation) so polyps can recur. Until recently, patients with severe nasal polyposis had no option but repeated surgeries and medication with oral corticosteroids, with a significant impact on their symptoms and their quality of life. Fortunately, for these patients, biological drug treatments are now available. Biological drugs are a new type of medical treatment, which acts directly on the immune system, blocking inflammation and thus making the polyps disappear. When to see an otolaryngologist Seek medical care from an otolaryngologist if you suspect you have nasal polyps . This suspicion may arise: Because you saw structures inside your nose that resemble the description of nasal polyps; Because you have symptoms that could be due to nasal polyps: nasal obstruction + decreased sense of smell + nasal discharge + weight sensation on the face. Observation by the otolaryngologist will allow a correct diagnosis . Your doctor will tell you if these are really nasal polyps that result from chronic sinus inflammation, or if another disease is present, such as a nasal tumor. The correct diagnosis will allow the definition of the appropriate treatment to improve the symptoms and quality of life. This article was written by the Hospital da Luz otorhinolaryngology team. The content published in the Health Guide is intended for the general public and is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It does not replace individual medical assessment, diagnosis, or personalized clinical advice from a qualified healthcare professional. The content is produced or reviewed by physicians and other healthcare professionals at Hospital da Luz and is based on the knowledge available at the time of publication or the most recent update, as indicated at the beginning of each item.
