17 de outubro de 2022 Known usually as seromucous otitis, this ear inflammation can be also named by otitis media with effusion and secretory otitis media. It is an inflammation of the middle ear, with the presence of retrotympanic exudate, and without signs or symptoms of acute disease: There is no fever; Most of the time there is no otalgia (earache). Acute situations usually arise after a viral infection. Fluid retention may resolve spontaneously or after the use of nasal decongestants, antihistamines, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This process can take from a few days to several weeks. When fluid retention persists for more than three months, seromucous otitis is considered chronic. This is a very common situation in preschool age (6 months to 4 years), thus leading to an increased diagnostic difficulty. Diagnosis and treatment of seromucous otitis The diagnosis is established by observing the tympanic membrane and can be complemented by pneumatic otoscopy or a tympanogram. These exams are not invasive, an aspect that is very important considering the age group that is most often affected. Initially, the treatment of seromucous otitis is conservative because there is the possibility of a spontaneous resolution. Surveillance must be tight because if the effusion persists for more than 3 months, associated with hearing difficulties, language alterations or structural alterations of the tympanic membrane, surgical treatment with placement of ventilation tubes should be considered. When to see an otolaryngologist? The following are warning signs that should raise the suspicion of seromucous otitis and justify seeking the care of an otolaryngologist: It appears in the age group in which the problem is more common; There is a suspicion of hypoacusis (impaired hearing); The child complains of punctual otalgia, especially when lying down; The child has language delay / alteration; The child is very distracted and withdrawn in the classroom and/or in the relationship with other children; The child snores. The child was screened and hearing impairment was reported, even without other symptoms being present. This article was written by the Hospital da Luz otorhinolaryngology team. The content published in the Health Guide is intended for the general public and is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It does not replace individual medical assessment, diagnosis, or personalized clinical advice from a qualified healthcare professional. The content is produced or reviewed by physicians and other healthcare professionals at Hospital da Luz and is based on the knowledge available at the time of publication or the most recent update, as indicated at the beginning of each item.
