The specialists participating in the annual congress of the Turkish Gynaecological Endoscopy Society (TSGE), in Istanbul, had the opportunity to follow live a surgery to a patient with endometriosis, conducted last September 10 at Hospital da Luz Lisboa, one of the European hospital centres with largest experience in the field. The surgery was performed by Filipa Osório and the clinical team included Sónia Barata , Catarina Castro , José Bismarck , Luís Campos Pinheiro , Ana Teresa Pinto, Luís Afonso, Cristina Figueiredo and Susana Marques. Endometriosis is a chronic disease where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus is developed outside the womb. In the case of this surgery, the patient, a 47-year-old woman, had deep endometriosis with ureteral involvement. It is estimated that endometriosis affects 1 in 10 women in fertile age, but it is frequently underdiagnosed or diagnosed late , due to the tendency to undervalue the pain it causes. Filipa Osório is specialized in minimally invasive surgery, in patients with endometriosis, uterine myomas and benign pathology, teaching endoscopic surgery as IRCAD trainer (in France), besides being the co-coordinator of the Centre of Accreditation Diplomas in gynaecological laparoscopic surgery, in Lisbon, under the guidance of the European Academy of Gynaecological Surgery, in Leuven, and the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE).